Session 5- What is political Islam?

Political Islam is the controversial concept which diffuses the Islamic teachings not only in personal but also political aspect of life. According to this notion, sovereignty of state belongs to the God and leader of the state is regarded as Caliphs or Imam. Furthermore, this concept urges the implementation of Sariah (Sunna’h) in political, culture, legal and economic aspects. The state matters and functions are inspired by the Holy Quran and Sunnah of Prophet.

History of political Islam dates back to the constitution of Medina in 622 AD, right after Hijrah (migration). The charter of Medina declared Medina as Islamic state and devise rules and regulations based on the Islamic teaching. Later on, the concept is more formalized through formation of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament), electoral systems and Islamic courts.

Political Islam gains immense importance in modern political era. It remains predominant in the Ottoman and Mughal eras.  Not only this, in today world, it impacts significantly to the politics of Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq and Sudan etc.

However, political Islam faced serious criticism as it had seen an attempt to override the Westernization as well as to repress the minority rights and freedom. This criticism further leads to fall of Ottoman Empire. It is also used as a tool to manipulate the self-interests of many leaders.  Moreover, this concept is related to terrorism and extremism as well.